2^nd World Obesity and Diabetes Care Congress May 23-24, 2019 Holiday Inn Paris - Porte de Clichy | Paris, France

Analysts have recognized two hereditary varieties that show up to extend the chance of childhood obesity. The ponder creators took information from North American, Australian and European meta-analysis of 14 considers comprising of 5,530 stout children and 8,318 non-obese kids. The group compared the hereditary information. “When studied all the hereditary variety over the hefty children and non-obese children, a few variations were highly, factually, overrepresented within the corpulent cases. Whereas sustenance, physical action and environment are variables in childhood obesity, this consider suggests a hereditary relationship.

The etiological factors of obesity include:  Family lifestyle, apart from the genetic factors that run in a family, it also because of their lifestyle and the food they eat. We can notice that some countries such as the USA, have more obese people than others countries like Japan and this is because of the culture and the Genetic factors that affect the amount of body fat we store and where to store, Medical Conditions. The body to store more fat and gain weight like Crushing Syndrome. Some disease lows the metabolic rate in the body and low the amount of burned calories every day such as the hypothyroidism. And some diseases lead the patients with paraplegia. Psychosocial, Increase caloric intake More sedentary Television Emphasis on academics.

Good health is maintained when a diet contains the proper proportions of carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, minerals, and water. Chronic disease is disease that persists over for an extended period of time. Chronic diseases will hinder independence and also the health of individuals with disabilities, because it could produce further activity limitations. Individuals with chronic disease often assume that they're free from the illness once they have no symptoms. Chronic diseases are liable for seven of 10 deaths annually. Chronic diseases tend to become additional common with age.

Obesity is very heritable. Obesity can be a complicating disorder resulting from the interactions of a wide variety of hereditary and environmental factors. Polymorphisms in various genes controlling appetite and metabolism predispose to obesity under certain dietary conditions. One gene mutation, the melanocortin 4 receptor, may be responsible for tens of thousands of cases of obesity. Monogenic type of genetic mutation can result in severe forms of obesity that run in families. Occurrences of monogenic kinds of overweight are evidence that obesity may be caused by genetic mutations. The most common forms of obesity are probably the result of variations within a large number of genes.

• Hereditary Factors
• Genetic Syndromes
• Biological pathways

Obesity is caused due to deficiency of certain minerals and vitamins, and a study of what humans eat which can leads in creating simpler, cheaper and more nutritious food items that provide complete nourishment to the body and ensuring that we do not overload the body with anything that might lead to problems such as over-accumulation of potentially harmful elements.  Scientists and researchers are now a days working on creating super foods which does not spoil for a long time and provide high nutritional value.

• Traditional food technologies are fermentation, extraction, encapsulation, fat replacement, and enzyme technology.
• Modern biotechnology has revolutionized the way foods are created.
• Nanotechnology is beginning to find potential applications in the area of food and nutrition.
• Technological innovations are used in creating lower energy density products
• Some novel fat emulsion may be used to reduce food consumption.

Anti-obesity drugs are used as pharmacological agents which reduce or control weight. These drugs change one of the fundamental processes of the human body or weight regulation by altering either appetite or absorption of calories. The treatment for overweight and obese individuals is dieting and physical exercise. The ideal anti-obesity drug would produce sustained weight loss with minimal side effects. The mechanisms that regulate energy balance have substantial built-in is sacking, overlap considerably with other physiological functions, and are influenced by social and psychological factors that limit the effectiveness of pharmacological occurring.

•  Orlistat
•  Metformin
•  Phentermine
•  Sibutramine
•  Rimonabant

Nutrition and physical activity are important parts of a healthy life style when you have diabetes. Being active and healthy meal can help you keep your blood glucose level in your range. To regulate your blood sugar, individual need to balance their diet what they eat are all important in keeping your blood glucose level in the range.

Endocrine disorder is defined as the disease associated with the endocrine glands of the body. The types of endocrine disorders are diabetes mellitus, Acromegaly, Addison’s disease, Cushing’s syndrome, Graves’ disease, Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, Hyperthyroidism, Hypothyroidism, and Proactinoma. These disorders usually have widespread symptoms, affect multiple parts of the body and can range in severity from mild to very severe. These disorders have various symptoms that have an effect on several parts of the body.

Diabetes Rentinopathy, also known as diabetes eye disease, is a medical condition in which damage occurs to the retina due to diabetes mellitus. It is a leading cause of blindness. Diabetic retinopathy affects up to 80 percent of those who have had diabetes for 20 years or more.

Diabetes Nepropathy also known as diabetes kidney disease, is the chronic loss of kidney function occurring in those with diabetes mellitus. Protein loss in the urine due to damage to the glomeruli may become massive and cause a low serum albumin with resulting generalized body swelling and result in the nephrotic syndrome. Likewise, the estimated glomerular filteration rate may progressively fall from a normal of over 90 ml/min/1.73m2 to less than 15, at which point the patient is said to have end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). It usually is slowly progressive over years.

During pregnancy, some women develop high blood glucose levels. This condition is known as gestational diabetes mellitus. It will occur at any stage of pregnancy, however is additional common within the last half. Gestational diabetes will cause issues for you and your baby throughout and after birth. Some women might develop symptoms if their blood glucose level gets too high. Most cases are solely picked up once your blood glucose level is tested throughout screening for gestational diabetes.

Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by high bood glucose levels that result from defects in insulin secretion, ot its action, or both. Elevated levels of blood sugar lead to spillage of glucose into the urine, hence the term sweet urine. Diabetes mellitus usually referred to as diabetes was 1st identified as a disease reletaed with “Sweet Urine.” Diabetes is a chronic condition related to abnormally high levels of sugar in the blood. Insulin produced by the pancreas lowers blood sugar. Absence or insufficient production of insulin, or an inability of the body to properly use insulin causes diabetes.

If your child has problems with growth, puberty, diabetes or other disorders related to the hormones and the glands that produce them. Hormones are chemicals that affect how others parts of the body work. For example, hormones decide how a child grows and matures. Endocrinology is the science that studies these glands and the effects of the hormones. Endocrine glands like the pituitary glands, release hormones into the bloodstream. 

It is a surgical sub-speciality focusing on surgery of the endocrine glands, including the thyroid gland, the parathyroid glands, the adrenal glands of the endocrine pancreas, and some neuroendocrine glands.

Women have unique health related issue. Unique heath issues include pregnancy, menopause, and conditions of the female organs. Women can have a healthy pregnancy by getting proper, early and regular prenatal care. They are also recommended several tests for cervical cancer, breast cancer and bone density screenings. Complications of pregnancy include health problems that occur during pregnancy. They can involve baby's health, mother’s health or both. Diet and nutrition plays a major role during pregnancy time. Important nutritious diet includes Protein rich veg diet and Calcium rich recipes. The best time to try and conceive is during the ‘fertile window’ of the menstrual cycle i.e. ovulation time.

•  Perinatal and Reproductive Health
• Maternal and Child Health
• Violence against Women
• Pregnancy Nutrition
• Catamenial Epilepsy
• Autoimmune Diseases in Women
• Women’s Beauty
• Health in Pregnancy

Diabetes is treatable but even when glucose levels are under control it greatly increases the risk of heart disease and stroke. People with diabetes, particularly type 2 diabetes, may have the higher risk of cardiovascular disease. However, by managing their risk factors, patients with diabetes may avoid or delay the development of heart and blood vessel disease.

Endocrinology is a division of biology and medicine dealing with the endocrine system, its functions, diseases and its specific secretions knows as hormones. It is also concerned with the integration of developmental events proliferation, growth and differentiation and the psychological or behavioural activities of metabolism, growth and development, respiration, sleep, excretion, mood, stress, lactation, movement, caused by hormones. These hormones are responsible for performing several important functions in our body. Physiological, cellular and molecular studies in whole animals or humans will be considered for mechanisms of hormones and growth factor action, hormonal and nutritional regulation of metabolism, inflation, micro biome and energy balance and temporal analysis of hormone secretion and metabolism.